Augustus shifted the focus of Mars' cult to within the pomerium (Rome's ritual boundary), and built a temple to Mars Ultor as a key religious feature of his new forum. Mars's altar in the Campus Martius, the area of Rome that took its name from him, was supposed to have been dedicated by Numa, the peace-loving semi-legendary second king of Rome in Republican times it was a focus of electoral activities. The character and dignity of Mars differed in fundamental ways from that of his Greek counterpart, who is often treated with contempt and revulsion in Greek literature. Under the influence of Greek culture, Mars was identified with the Greek god Ares, whose myths were reinterpreted in Roman literature and art under the name of Mars. Most of his festivals were held in March, the month named for him ( Latin Martius), and in October, which began the season for military campaigning and ended the season for farming. He was the son of Jupiter and Juno, and was pre-eminent among the Roman army's military gods. In ancient Roman religion and myth, Mars ( Latin: Mārs, pronounced ) was the god of war and also an agricultural guardian, a combination characteristic of early Rome. Nerio and others including Rhea Silvia (raped), Venus, Bellona Vulcan, Minerva, Hercules, Bellona, Apollo, Diana, Bacchus, etc.
Statue of Mars from the Forum of Nerva, 2nd century CE
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